Practicing Veterinary Medicine

What are the steps required to practice veterinary medicine?

Overview

Important: This page offers a general overview of the credentialing process. Because requirements are subject to change, it is your responsibility to consult your provincial/state regulatory body for the most current information. While we update this content annually, please verify all details directly with the appropriate authorities to ensure you are compliant with local practice standards. OzTREKK is not responsible for your credentialing process.​

 

The veterinary science/medicine programs at Murdoch University, the University of Melbourne, the University of Queensland, and the University of Sydney hold full American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) accreditation, which is the North American standard for vet accreditation.

Graduate-entry and undergraduate-entry veterinary programs will allow you to practice as a veterinarian in North America and in Australia. The name of the program does not necessarily affect its accreditation status. The program is not required to be a “Doctor” program to be accredited here in North America; it is the content and quality of the program that determines its eligibility, not simply the name.

This means that graduates are considered in the same category as graduates from North American veterinary schools when undertaking licensing examinations in North America. Graduates of these programs are eligible to sit the North American Veterinary Licensing Examination (NAVLE) along with graduates from AVMA accredited veterinary colleges in Canada or the United States.

After passing the NAVLE you will need to obtain a license to practice from the province, territory, or state in which you want to work. There may be additional licensing requirements as well dependent on your location. Applicants should consult the licensing body of the province or state where they wish to obtain a license for specific requirements.

Practicing in Canada

Step #1 – Register with the NEB
While in your final year of your vet program or after you have graduated, you will need to register with the Canadian National Examining Board (NEB). The NEB reviews the credentials of graduates of non-Canadian colleges of veterinary medicine who wish to obtain a license to practice veterinary medicine in Canada.

If you are in your final year of study you will need a letter from your dean confirming your expected graduation date (must be within 10 months of the North American Veterinary Licensing Examination (NAVLE) testing window) or if you have already graduated you will need to provide proof of graduation.

You will need to wait for the NEB’s approval before you can register to write the NAVLE. Be mindful of this in relation to NAVLE testing windows. The NEB warns that if they receive your application less than 10 business days before a NAVLE registration deadline, they can not guarantee that you’ll be approved in time for that testing window.

 

Step #2 – Write the NAVLE
Once the NEB has approved your credentials, you can apply to write the NAVLE. There are 3 application periods for 3 testing cycles:

1. Apply in June – July to write the test in October – November
2. Apply in December – January to write the test in March
3. Apply in April – May to write the test in July – August

You are strongly encouraged to wait until all clinical rotations have been completed before sitting the NAVLE as these rotations provide the general clinical awareness and experience needed to pass the NAVLE.

As of March 2026, the International Council for Veterinary Assessment (ICV) will allow applicants up to 5 attempts to pass the NAVLE. Any test attempts made prior to December 1, 2025 will not count towards this new limit. No waivers or additional attempts will be granted after the initial 5 attempts.

Once you successfully complete the NAVLE, you will be granted a Certificate of Qualification (CQ).

If you do not pass the NAVLE within the required number of attempts, you will need to complete the Preliminary Surgical Assessment (PSA) and Clinical Proficiency Exam (CPE) to receive the CQ. You are strongly encouraged to study for and pass the NAVLE before initiating the PSA and CPE.

 

Step #3 – Apply for Registration with Your Provincial/Territorial Licensing Body
A CQ or completion of the examination process is a prerequisite to apply for a general veterinary license in all Canadian provinces and territories. Once you have your CQ you will then need to apply to register with the provincial/territorial veterinary licensing body.

 

Step #4 – Complete Additional Steps for Provincial/Territorial Licensing
You may need to complete additional testing before you can obtain a license to practice, such as a jurisprudence or language proficiency exams. These additional exams are usually short and required for all applicants, not just international graduates.

 

While all Canadian provinces require you to have passed the NAVLE in order to become licensed to practice, some provinces have additional licensing requirements, such as the College of Veterinarians of Ontario’s (CVO) Jurisprudence Exam. Check the website for the provincial regulatory body where you intend to practice:

Practicing in USA

Credential assessment and licensing are handled at the state level in the United States. This means that to be able to practice as a veterinarian you will need to register with your state’s veterinary licensing body.

Steps to practice can vary by state, but generally you will apply to your state’s licensing board and they will approve you to sit the NAVLE. Graduates from AVMA-accredited veterinary programs are generally able to bypass clinical equivalency programs and exams. Depending on your state you may be required to complete an additional jurisprudence exam.

You can use the ICVA’s licensing boards web page to find the licensing board for each province/state. We encourage you to contact your state’s licensing board for more information about their licensing process and requirements.

Practicing in Australia

Queensland are all recognized by the Australasian Veterinary Boards Council (AVBC) through the Veterinary Schools Accreditation Advisory Committee (VSAAC), making veterinary graduates eligible for registration with the veterinary board in each state and territory in Australia and in New Zealand.

If you choose to practice in Australia, upon graduating from an accredited Australian program you will not need to complete any additional competency exams (like the NAVLE), but you will need to register with the regulatory board for the state in which you wish to practice and you may need to complete a jurisprudence exam. The requirement of this exam varies by state.

All states in Australia, except for the Northern Territory, participate in the National Recognition of Veterinary Registration in Australia. This means that anyone who is registered with a state participating in this agreement is able to move and practice across state borders without seeking additional registration. As part of this agreement, it is required that a veterinarian’s registration is in the jurisdiction of their primary place of residence. If that place of residence changes to be in a different jurisdiction, you will be required to transfer your registration with a certain timeframe to your new primary jurisdiction.

Australia’s skilled visa programs are designed to target genuine skill shortages in Australia, one of those being veterinarians. This means that there are specific visas available to individuals who are qualified to work or train as a veterinarian in Australia and can meet all other requirements. You will need to contact the Australian Department of Home Affairs either in Canada or while you are in Australia for full details.

FAQs

Can my partner or family come to Australia with me if I get an offer? 

Many Canadians wish to fulfill their career goals after getting married, having kids, or both! We’ve had plenty of students who have taken their partner and/or children with them.

If you want to take your partner or family with you, you’ll need to add them as a secondary applicant or dependents to your student visa application. Even if you don’t plan on taking them with you, we suggest you add them to your application anyway because it can be complex, expensive, and time-consuming to add them afterwards. You’ll then need to provide additional documentation to support your claims of a relationship or your children’s dependency status.

In addition to looking after the visa, you’ll also need to ensure they’re included on your Overseas Student Health Cover (OSHC), you have appropriate accommodation, and if you’re bringing children, you’ll need to enroll them in school.

Visit our Health Insurance page for more information.

Can I apply if I’m only 17?

Yes, but you’ll require parental or guardian consent (signature). OzTREKK will provide the necessary documentation for this signature.

If you won’t be 18 when your program starts, you’ll be required to show that you’ll be living with an approved guardian until you turn 18. If you don’t have an approved guardian in Australia, you may need a family member to apply for a guardian visa to accompany you. This guardian visa should be obtained as part of the student visa application.

 

Can my entire application be submitted through OzTREKK?

Absolutely. We manage and submit your application(s) on your behalf and communicate any updates from the universities.

Applying to an Australian or New Zealand university starts by filling out our OzTREKK application: You’ll tell us a bit about yourself, like your name, address, date of birth, education history, and what schools you want to apply to!

When you click “Submit,” the application with all your information only comes to us, so there’s no need to worry about making a mistake at this stage. We create a file for you and email you a list of documents required to complete your application(s), like passport photo page, transcripts, résumé, personal statement.

If you get an offer, we’ll help you with that part, too! Whether you want to accept or decline, we’ll help you figure out your next steps. If you accept your offer, we’ll even help you get ready to go. We’re here to be an advocate for you, and to walk you through the entire process from start to finish.

Should you have any questions along the way, just send us an email or book a chat. That’s why we’re here!

Are there any scholarships for international students?

Scholarship options in Australia are usually limited for international students as they tend to be reserved for those undertaking postgraduate research degrees; however, we can advise you where to look and whether specific programs have a history of offering scholarships.

Occasionally, scholarships are granted to high achievers—those with very high marks. In previous years, we have seen $5000- to $10,000-scholarships given to OzTREKK students.

Check out OzTREKK’s Financing page to learn more about scholarships and paying for your degree.

Do you have course outlines on file? 

Before sending us outlines, check in with your admissions team to see if we’ve already got them. We can save you a lot of time and ensure we’re submitting good outlines on your behalf. Outlines must be within 2 years of the time you took the course (as listed on your transcript).

I received a low mark on my prerequisite course. Will this impact my application? 

To meet the prerequisite subjects, you need to have been granted the credit (passed); the grade itself isn’t considered in the prerequisite assessment. If there are any exceptions, we’ll let you know.

What does “rolling admissions” mean?

Rolling admissions means the university assesses applications as they are received, AKA “first come, first served” or “first come, first offered.” As soon as they’ve met the quota and the program is filled, they usually start a waitlist and close the applications. So, for a program that has rolling admissions, the earlier you apply the better!

How does OzTREKK know if my application will be competitive?

Most Canadians applying to full-degree programs in Australia (i.e., not study abroad courses, which usually only last a semester or two) apply through OzTREKK. They’re studying medicine, dentistry, law, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, etc.

Since they’re using OzTREKK’s services, this gives us a good idea of the starting point of a competitive application each year, allowing us to help you determine which universities/programs are most likely to present you with a letter of offer!

You can get started on determining your chances by reviewing the admissions requirements on each program page. Then, visit our GPA Conversions and Eligibility pages for details and suggestions to help you get into the program of your dreams. Of course, we’re always here to help if you have questions.

What is a 5.0 GPA in Australia?

Unlike in Canada, GPAs in Australia are simple. They’re standardized, so they mean the same thing to everyone.

In Australia, a 5.0/7.0 would roughly translate to a 2.7/4.0 or approximately 70%–72%, but keep in mind all universities assess slightly differently. We leave the official calculations to the universities.

Learn more on our GPA Conversions page where we list the most common Canadian GPA scales to their corresponding Australian GPA grade. If you’re not sure where you land, just reach out!

Which prerequisites do I need?

Prerequisite courses vary by university and by program. We’ve listed university- and program-specific requirements on each program’s page under “Admissions Requirements.”

How do universities calculate GPA?

Calculations differ by university, but most use cumulative (all units within a program) or weighted GPA (typically last 2 or 3 years of study). See GPA Conversions for more information.

What is a “school leaver”?

“School leaver” is a term used by Australians (and those in the UK) that refers to someone who has graduated high school.

Australia offers professional undergraduate programs—like medicine or veterinary science—that allow an applicant to apply straight from high school without having any post-secondary education. In their admissions requirements, you may see “open to school leavers only,” so anyone who has post-secondary studies (completed or not), aren’t eligible to apply.

What is an “official” transcript?

An official transcript is one that is

  • emailed directly from your university to OzTREKK via an official transcript service like Parchment or MyCreds; or
  • mailed directly from your university to OzTREKK.

To process your application(s), universities require your transcripts to be certified, which we do on your behalf.

 

What is considered a competitive GPA for veterinary medicine?

For veterinary programs, entry is competitive and meeting minimum GPA requirements does not guarantee an offer.

Most undergrad-entry eligible candidates have a high school diploma with an overall average of approximately 85% – 90% or higher.

If applying with some university studies to The University of Queensland or Murdoch University, an average of 3.0 – 3.4 (76% – 80%) or above is recommended.

For graduate-entry programs, most candidates have a university degree with an average of approximately 3.3 – 3.9.

 

Murdoch University: Competitive score unknown; minimum is 90% from high school or 2.5/4.0 with university studies

University of Queensland: Approximately 85%+ from high school or approximately 3.0/4.0 with university studies

University of Melbourne: Approximately 3.3/4.0 (77%+) in upper-year 300- and 400-level subjects

University of Sydney: Approximately 3.9/4.0 (85%+) cumulative

 

When are the application deadlines?

Application deadlines vary by university. Often there are multiple deadline rounds for the veterinary programs and you’re encouraged to apply as early as possible before the deadline. Most OzTREKK students begin their applications in January/February.

What if my degree is more than 10 years old?

For competitive programs, many universities will only accept applications from students who have studied within the last 10 years. Universities want to make sure the knowledge that students have is still relevant and that students are prepared to take on additional studies. If you’ve studied more than 10 years ago, consider the following options:

1. Complete another degree
If you haven’t completed a degree within the last 10 years and your program of choice requires it, you’ll need to complete another degree. For some universities, this may mean you can complete a master’s (or bachelor’s) degree in Canada and then apply again.

University of Sydney DVM – You must be able to provide evidence that you’ve passed the prerequisite subjects with at least credit average by showing the official transcript with final mark. There is some flexibility for applicants who have stayed in scientific academia.

University of Melbourne DVM – If you graduated more than 10 years ago, you’ll be required to demonstrate your capacity for continued study. Typically, this would mean demonstrating that your knowledge of the prerequisite subjects is still current by having achieved a mark of at least 70% in each of those subjects within the last three years.

University of Queensland BVSc – Qualifications completed more than 10 years ago may be considered as basis for admission to undergraduate or postgraduate programs; however, credit will not be granted for studies completed more than 10 years ago.

2. Complete additional studies and re-apply

University of Sydney DVM

Must complete another degree – Where there are more than one completed degrees, the best GPA will be used. GPA is calculated over the entire duration of the degree and all years of study are weighted equally. Results from completed honours and postgraduate coursework degrees are included in the GPA calculation. Incomplete degree results will not be included. The discipline of the degree is not considered during the ranking process.

University of Melbourne DVM

Complete additional upper-level science courses – The University of Melbourne will consider upper-year science subjects (300- and 400-level courses), rather than cumulative GPA. Melbourne weights their science GPA 75:25 toward the 400-level subjects, meaning your 400-level courses are weighed 3 times as much as your 300 level. Subjects can be taken outside a degree (non-award) will be considered. Courses must be science subjects Melbourne defines a science subject as a subject dealing with the scientific basis of physical or biological sciences, but not including social sciences such as sociology, human behavior, history of science, economics, philosophy (including philosophy of science), and anthropology. This list is indicative and not comprehensive.

What if I don’t have a relevant degree?

The University of Melbourne DVM program requires applicants have a science degree with a majors in one of the following areas: agriculture, animal science, biochemistry, biomedicine, physiology, or zoology. If you don’t have an applicable degree, consider the following options:

1. Take science-related studies and re-apply
You may re-apply with either a master’s degree or after having completed upper-level science courses (if eligible). The University of Melbourne will consider upper-year science subjects (300- and 400-level courses), either at bachelor’s or master’s level. Subjects can be taken outside a degree (non-award studies).

Melbourne defines a science subject as a subject dealing with the scientific basis of physical or biological sciences, but not including social sciences such as sociology, human behavior, history of science, economics, philosophy (including philosophy of science), and anthropology. This list is indicative and not comprehensive.

2. Consider applying to a different program
If you’re interested in working with animals, but the other options won’t work for you, consider applying to a degree in veterinary technology, zoology, animal or environmental conservation, etc. instead, as long as your GPA meets the minimum requirements.

What if my GPA doesn’t meet the minimum or I’m not competitive?

If your GPA does not meet the minimum requirement for veterinary medicine, we’re not able to submit the application.

University of Melbourne DVM
Complete additional upper-level science courses – The University Melbourne will consider upper-year science subjects (300- and 400-level courses), rather than cumulative GPA. Melbourne weights their science GPA 75:25 toward the 400-level subjects, meaning your 400-level courses are weighed 3 times as much as your 300 level. Subjects can be taken outside a degree (non-award) will be considered. Courses must deal with the scientific basis of physical or biological sciences, but not including social sciences such as sociology, human behavior, history of science, economics, philosophy (including philosophy of science), and anthropology. This list is indicative and not comprehensive.

University of Sydney DVM
Must complete another degree – For the University of Sydney’s DVM program, where there are more than one completed bachelor’s degrees, the best GPA will be used. GPA is calculated over the entire duration of the degree and all years of study are weighted equally. Results from completed Honours and postgraduate coursework degrees are included in the GPA calculation. Incomplete degree results will not be included. The discipline of the degree is not considered during the ranking process.

Undergraduate veterinary degrees (Sydney BVB/DVM and UQ BVSc)
Take college/university studies – The GPA requirement is lower for applicants with a year of more of post-secondary studies (uni or college).

Consider another program
If you’re interested in working with animals, but the other options won’t work for you, consider completing a degree in veterinary technology, zoology, animal or environmental conservation, etc. instead, as long as your GPA meets the minimum requirements.

What if I didn’t pass the Casper SJT?

It’s uncommon for OzTREKK to see students not meet the Casper requirements for Sydney, UQ, and Melbourne veterinary schools.

If you failed to meet conditions of an offer due to the Casper situational judgement test, you’ll need to re-apply for next available intake, and you’ll be required to retake the test. Your application must be submitted to the university before you’ll be able to register for the test. Please read Applying to veterinary schools in Australia: What is the Casper test? for more information

What if I don’t meet the veterinary prerequisites?

If you haven’t taken courses in the required prerequisite areas, but you are still interested in applying to the program, you will need to make up for this course on your own.

Enroll in the missing prerequisite(s)
You’ll need to provide a transcript showing that you have enrolled in the missing prerequisite(s) before we can submit your application to the university. This will allow the university to proceed with your primary assessment. Once you’ve successfully completed your course(s), you’ll need to provide a final transcript so the university can complete your assessment.

Melbourne and Sydney DVM

  • Take an intro-level university course – Generally, introduction courses work best for the prerequisite requirements as they cover a broad range of understanding.

University of Queensland BVSc

  • Take a high school-level calculus course – Many students do so either through summer school, at another institution, or online. Keep in mind, the course must be a full calculus course. Pre-calculus and math courses which cover only some calculus content will not suffice.
  • Take an intro-level college or university calculus course – You will need to provide the course outline for this subject for a prerequisite assessment to confirm comparability. Be sure to provide the course outline before you enroll! We can ask UQ to assess a course before an app is submitted to confirm the course will meet the requirements.
  • Take a course through Unilearn – Offers a self-paced online course, Senior Mathematics (UNL32), which satisfies the Mathematics B prerequisites requirement as noted in the Bridging Subject table. The Unilearn course allows you to enroll at any time and typically takes 18–26 weeks to complete.

Please reach out to OzTREKK at study@oztrekk.com for details about these options.